WEEK+THREE




 * Not sure if the Workshop is correct but it says we need to turn this paper in at the beginning of Workshop Three!!

Read "Learning by Observation"

YouTube Videos... We each need to watch at least one (so if you want to search for more you can!) and report what happened!

http://youtu.be/hHHdovKHDNU

This video showed a model inflicting physical harm on a Bobo doll. A child, observing the incident, then subjected the doll to even greater physical harm than he originally witnessed. Whereas the model did not use a weapon of any kind, but merely hit the doll with her hands, threw it up into the air, and pushed it down, the child used a hammer to beat the doll and then proceeded to pick up a toy gun and us eit t threaten the doll and to hit it. It also says that the children picked up a hostile language.

http://youtu.be/lCETgT_Xfzg

This video was an expanded version of the first one, in which a student explained the results of Bandura's experiments. I did notice that the model used a toy hammer to hit the Bobo doll, which I had not seen in the previous video. Both the boy and the girl shown on the film attacked the doll more aggressively than the model that they had watched. The boy and girl both used a toy gun to threaten the doll, and the girl even threw a ball at it and attempted to knock it into a punching bag of some sort that was hanging in the room. The video explained that the children reacted the same way when the experiment was repeated with a live clown rather than the Bobo doll. The video noted that the children were not given any motivation or encouragement to be more aggressive with the doll than what they had seen; both did this completely on their own. I think one of the most important parts, which is said above, is how the children were not given any reward for this behavior!

http://youtu.be/sl80MyhMsHA

This very short video summarized Bandura's work by showing that the child observing a certain type of behavior (aggression) developed an expectation of seeing that behavior repeated. This one just basically stated the same as the others.

http://youtu.be/zerCK0lRjp8

This video provided an explanation of Bandura's experiments and expanded the previous videos' information by stating that children were also given the opportunity to observe an adult interacting positively with the Bobo doll and that the results were the same. The children basically modeled whatever behavior they were shown. In this video, the impact of television on aggressive behavior was discussed, with the conclusion that children generally imitate what they are exposed to. for some reason i was not able to view this video.

Also, each team member needs to read at least one peer-reviewed journal article.

This is the article I read:

Blumberg, F. C., Bierwirth, K. P., & Schwartz, A. J. (2008). Does Cartoon Violence Beget Aggressive Behavior in Real Life? An Opposing View. //Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(2)//, 101-104.

According to Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz, a National Television Violence Study defined violence.

Violence can be generally defined as any intentional or accidental action that causes physical or psychological harm (as in the case of verbal abuse) to oneself, another person, animal, or at times, an inanimate object (see National Television Violence Study (NTVS) 1997).

This article discussed how cartoon violence on television influences children's behavior. According to Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz, children's "ability to differentiate between fantasy and reality" is a determining factor in how they view violence on television, especially in cartoons (2008, p. 102). Animation appears to help children make the distinction between fantasy and reality. “The character’s motives and the consequences of violent actions also may help children interpret events shown on television” (Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz, 2008, p. 102).

The study found that if children are better able to recognize behavior as unacceptable or unrealistic, they are less likely to emulate it. Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz (2008) indicated that young children are able to determine that violence is wrong, and believe that physical violence is more harmful than psychological violence. The main thought of this article is that if parents and teachers intervene by explaining the violent acts witnessed by children, giving them context, they would be less likely to be repeated. However, “[t]he impact of exposure to violence may remain regardless of whether children choose to imitate it” (Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz, 2008, p. 102). We should be concerned that children learn aggressive behavior by viewing violent television shows, whether featuring live or animated characters. Even if they do not immediately repeat the behavior, the exposure affects neural activity patterns (Blumberg, Bierwirth, & Schwartz, 2008).

We need to have enough information for a 2-3 page paper discussing what you believe the relationship between violence in the media and human violence is.